GCC fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory

I'm trying to compile a program in C on OS X 10.9 with GCC 4.9 (experimental). For some reason, I'm getting the following error at compile time:

gcc: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory

I then tried a simple Hello World program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    printf("Hello, world!");
    return 0;
}

Again, upon running gcc -o ~/hello ~/hello.c, I got the same error. I'm using an experimental version of gcc, but it seems implausible that there would be a release which generated errors upon importing stdio. What could be causing this issue, and how can it be fixed?